functional programming

Function Composition

Function composition combines simple, single-purpose functions into complex transformations by feeding the output of one function as the input to the next. Think of it like an assembly line: each station performs one operation, and the product flows through all stations to become the finished result. Composition keeps individual functions small and testable while building sophisticated data pipelines from reusable parts.

Use Cases

•Data processing pipelines that clean, validate, transform, and format records in sequence
•Middleware stacks in web frameworks where each layer adds a concern (auth, logging, parsing)
•Text processing chains (trim, lowercase, remove punctuation, tokenize)
•Building complex selectors or computed values from simple, composable getters

Implementation

Output

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