design patterns

Builder

The Builder pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its representation, allowing the same construction process to create different representations. It is especially useful when an object has many optional parameters or requires step-by-step assembly. The key participants are the Builder (specifies an abstract interface for creating parts), ConcreteBuilder (constructs and assembles parts of the product), Director (constructs using the Builder interface), and Product (the complex object being built). Think of ordering a custom meal: you choose your base, protein, toppings, and sauce step by step, and the kitchen (Director) assembles it. Use Builder when the algorithm for creating a complex object should be independent of the parts that make up the object and how they are assembled.